*{margin:0;padding:0;box-sizing:border-box}
[hidden]{display:none!important}
/* ── DESIGN TOKENS ──────────────────────────────────────────────
   Dark is the default. Light mode redefines ONLY these values below.
   Rule for new CSS: never write a raw colour — use a token.
   Tints use rgba(var(--gold-rgb), .12) so alpha stays inline.     */
:root{
--bg:#0a0a1a;--bg-2:#0f0f24;--surface:#141432;--surface-2:#1a1a3e;
--hero-2:#0d0d28;--hero-3:#12122e;
--gold:#d4a843;--gold-dim:#b8922e;--gold-deep:#c49a30;--gold-lite:#e8c56a;--on-gold:#0a0a1a;
--blue:#4a9eff;--blue-dim:#3a7ecc;
--text:#f0f0f5;--text-2:#a0a0b8;--text-3:#7d8096;--prose:#dcdce6;
--gold-rgb:212,168,67;--blue-rgb:74,158,255;--ov-rgb:255,255,255;--green-rgb:76,175,80;--sf-rgb:0,112,210;
--sh-1:rgba(0,0,0,.3);--sh-2:rgba(0,0,0,.5);
--nav-bg:rgba(10,10,26,.92);--nav-bg-solid:rgba(10,10,26,.98);
--code-bg:#0b0b1e;--tip-bg:#1b1a2e;
--green:#6fcf73;--faint-1:rgba(var(--ov-rgb),.03);--faint-2:rgba(var(--ov-rgb),.04);--faint-3:rgba(var(--ov-rgb),.06);--card-sh:none;--card-sh-hover:0 8px 32px var(--sh-1);
--font:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;
--serif:"Iowan Old Style","Palatino Linotype",Palatino,Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;
--max-w:1200px;--measure:70ch;--radius:12px;--radius-sm:8px;
color-scheme:dark;
}
/* Light mode: explicit choice, or system preference when no choice was made */
:root[data-theme="light"]{
--bg:#faf7f1;--bg-2:#f3eee4;--surface:#ffffff;--surface-2:#fdfbf7;
--hero-2:#f7f1e6;--hero-3:#f1e8d6;
--gold:#7a5a0a;--gold-dim:#82610e;--gold-deep:#5c4306;--gold-lite:#b8892a;--on-gold:#fffaf0;
--blue:#1b3a63;--blue-dim:#142c4d;
--text:#16130d;--text-2:#4a4436;--text-3:#665e4e;--prose:#2a261d;
--gold-rgb:138,102,20;--blue-rgb:27,58,99;--ov-rgb:48,38,18;--green-rgb:34,110,44;--sf-rgb:0,95,180;
--sh-1:rgba(60,45,15,.06);--sh-2:rgba(60,45,15,.14);
--nav-bg:rgba(250,247,241,.86);--nav-bg-solid:rgba(250,247,241,.98);
--code-bg:#f3eee4;--tip-bg:#ffffff;
--green:#1b6e28;--faint-1:#ffffff;--faint-2:#ffffff;--faint-3:#ffffff;--card-sh:0 1px 2px var(--sh-1),0 10px 28px -16px var(--sh-2);--card-sh-hover:0 2px 4px var(--sh-1),0 18px 44px -20px var(--sh-2);
color-scheme:light;
}
@media (prefers-color-scheme: light){
 :root:not([data-theme="dark"]){
--bg:#faf7f1;--bg-2:#f3eee4;--surface:#ffffff;--surface-2:#fdfbf7;
--hero-2:#f7f1e6;--hero-3:#f1e8d6;
--gold:#7a5a0a;--gold-dim:#82610e;--gold-deep:#5c4306;--gold-lite:#b8892a;--on-gold:#fffaf0;
--blue:#1b3a63;--blue-dim:#142c4d;
--text:#16130d;--text-2:#4a4436;--text-3:#665e4e;--prose:#2a261d;
--gold-rgb:138,102,20;--blue-rgb:27,58,99;--ov-rgb:48,38,18;--green-rgb:34,110,44;--sf-rgb:0,95,180;
--sh-1:rgba(60,45,15,.06);--sh-2:rgba(60,45,15,.14);
--nav-bg:rgba(250,247,241,.86);--nav-bg-solid:rgba(250,247,241,.98);
--code-bg:#f3eee4;--tip-bg:#ffffff;
--green:#1b6e28;--faint-1:#ffffff;--faint-2:#ffffff;--faint-3:#ffffff;--card-sh:0 1px 2px var(--sh-1),0 10px 28px -16px var(--sh-2);--card-sh-hover:0 2px 4px var(--sh-1),0 18px 44px -20px var(--sh-2);
color-scheme:light;
 }
}



/* keyboard focus — visible, on-brand, both themes */
a:focus-visible,button:focus-visible,input:focus-visible,select:focus-visible,abbr.gl:focus-visible{
  outline:2px solid var(--gold);outline-offset:3px;border-radius:4px}

/* theme crossfade: applied for 320ms on switch, then removed */
.theming,.theming *{transition:background-color .32s ease,border-color .32s ease,color .32s ease,box-shadow .32s ease!important}
.theme-toggle svg{transition:transform .4s cubic-bezier(.4,0,.2,1)}
.theme-toggle:hover svg{transform:rotate(18deg)}
.theme-toggle:active svg{transform:scale(.88)}

/* theme toggle button */
.theme-toggle{background:none;border:1px solid rgba(var(--ov-rgb),.14);color:var(--text-2);width:34px;height:34px;border-radius:8px;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;cursor:pointer;transition:border-color .2s,color .2s;flex:none;padding:0}
.theme-toggle:hover{border-color:var(--gold);color:var(--gold)}
.theme-toggle svg{width:17px;height:17px;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.8;stroke-linecap:round}
.theme-toggle .sun{display:none}
:root[data-theme="light"] .theme-toggle .sun{display:block}
:root[data-theme="light"] .theme-toggle .moon{display:none}
@media (prefers-color-scheme: light){:root:not([data-theme="dark"]) .theme-toggle .sun{display:block}:root:not([data-theme="dark"]) .theme-toggle .moon{display:none}}

html{scroll-behavior:smooth;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}
body{font-family:var(--font);background:var(--bg);color:var(--text);line-height:1.65;overflow-x:hidden}
a{color:var(--blue);text-decoration:none;transition:color .2s}
a:hover{color:var(--gold)}
img{max-width:100%;display:block}

.nav{position:sticky;top:0;z-index:100;background:var(--nav-bg);backdrop-filter:blur(16px);border-bottom:1px solid rgba(var(--gold-rgb),.12)}
.nav-inner{max-width:var(--max-w);margin:0 auto;padding:0 24px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;height:64px}
.nav-logo{font-weight:700;font-size:1.1rem;color:var(--gold);letter-spacing:.5px;white-space:nowrap}
.nav-links{display:flex;gap:28px;list-style:none}
.nav-links a{color:var(--text-2);font-size:.875rem;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:.3px}
.nav-links a:hover,.nav-links a.active{color:var(--text)}

.wrap{max-width:820px;margin:0 auto;padding:56px 24px 96px}
.eyebrow{font-size:.78rem;letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--gold);font-weight:600}
h1{font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:600;font-size:clamp(2rem,4.5vw,3rem);line-height:1.12;letter-spacing:-.01em;margin:14px 0 10px;text-wrap:balance}
.subtitle{font-size:1.2rem;color:var(--text-2);line-height:1.45;max-width:var(--measure);text-wrap:balance}
.meta{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px 18px;align-items:center;margin:22px 0 8px;color:var(--text-3);font-size:.9rem}
.meta .by{color:var(--text-2)}
.tags{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:10px}
.tag{font-size:.72rem;letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue);background:rgba(var(--blue-rgb),.1);border:1px solid rgba(var(--blue-rgb),.25);padding:3px 9px;border-radius:999px}
.cover{margin:34px 0 8px;border-radius:var(--radius);overflow:hidden;border:1px solid rgba(var(--gold-rgb),.18);background:#fff}
.cover img{width:100%}

.prose{margin-top:36px;font-size:1.13rem;line-height:1.75;color:var(--prose)}
.prose>*{max-width:var(--measure)}
.prose p{margin:0 0 1.35em}
.prose h2{font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:600;font-size:1.65rem;color:var(--text);margin:2.2em 0 .7em;line-height:1.25;text-wrap:balance}
.prose h3{font-size:1.2rem;color:var(--text);margin:1.8em 0 .5em}
.prose a{border-bottom:1px solid rgba(var(--blue-rgb),.35)}
.prose a:hover{border-color:var(--gold)}
.prose strong{color:var(--text)}
.prose ul,.prose ol{padding-left:1.4em;margin:0 0 1.35em}
.prose li{margin:.35em 0}
.prose blockquote{border-left:3px solid var(--gold);padding:.2em 0 .2em 1.2em;margin:1.6em 0;color:var(--text-2);font-style:italic}
.prose hr{border:0;border-top:1px solid rgba(var(--gold-rgb),.2);margin:2.4em 0}
.prose img{border-radius:var(--radius-sm);margin:1.6em 0}
.prose figure{margin:1.6em 0}
.prose figcaption{font-size:.85rem;color:var(--text-3);margin-top:.5em}
.prose code{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;background:rgba(var(--ov-rgb),.07);padding:.1em .4em;border-radius:4px}
.prose pre{max-width:none;background:var(--code-bg);border:1px solid rgba(var(--ov-rgb),.08);border-radius:var(--radius-sm);padding:16px 18px;overflow-x:auto;margin:1.4em 0;font-size:.9rem;line-height:1.55}
.prose pre code{background:none;padding:0}
.prose table{max-width:none;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:.95rem;margin:1.4em 0;display:block;overflow-x:auto}
.prose th,.prose td{border:1px solid rgba(var(--ov-rgb),.1);padding:8px 12px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top}
.prose th{background:rgba(var(--gold-rgb),.08);color:var(--text)}

.share{margin:48px 0 0;padding-top:24px;border-top:1px solid rgba(var(--gold-rgb),.18);display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:10px 14px;font-size:.9rem;color:var(--text-2)}
.share a,.share button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;border:1px solid rgba(var(--ov-rgb),.14);background:var(--surface);color:var(--text);padding:8px 14px;border-radius:8px;font:500 .85rem var(--font);cursor:pointer}
.share a:hover,.share button:hover{border-color:var(--gold);color:var(--gold)}

.author{margin-top:40px;display:flex;gap:18px;align-items:flex-start;background:var(--surface);border:1px solid rgba(var(--gold-rgb),.15);border-radius:var(--radius);padding:22px;box-shadow:var(--card-sh)}
.author img{width:64px;height:64px;border-radius:50%;object-fit:cover;flex:none;border:2px solid var(--gold)}
.author strong{display:block;color:var(--text);margin-bottom:4px}
.author p{color:var(--text-2);font-size:.95rem;line-height:1.55}

.prevnext{margin-top:36px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:14px}
.prevnext a{display:block;background:var(--surface);border:1px solid rgba(var(--ov-rgb),.08);border-radius:var(--radius-sm);padding:14px 16px;color:var(--text);font-weight:500;line-height:1.35}
.prevnext a:hover{border-color:var(--gold)}
.prevnext a span{display:block;font-size:.72rem;letter-spacing:.1em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--text-3);margin-bottom:4px}
.prevnext .newer{text-align:right}

/* listing */
.cards{display:grid;gap:22px;margin-top:36px}
.card{display:grid;grid-template-columns:220px 1fr;background:var(--surface);border:1px solid rgba(var(--ov-rgb),.08);border-radius:var(--radius);overflow:hidden;transition:border-color .2s,transform .2s;box-shadow:var(--card-sh)}
.card:hover{border-color:rgba(var(--gold-rgb),.45);transform:translateY(-2px);box-shadow:var(--card-sh-hover)}
.card-cover{background:#fff;display:block}
.card-cover img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover}
.card-body{padding:20px 22px}
.card-meta{font-size:.82rem;color:var(--text-3)}
.card h2{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:1.45rem;font-weight:600;margin:6px 0 8px;line-height:1.25}
.card h2 a{color:var(--text)} .card h2 a:hover{color:var(--gold)}
.card p{color:var(--text-2);font-size:.98rem;line-height:1.55;margin-bottom:10px}

.footer{border-top:1px solid rgba(var(--gold-rgb),.12);padding:28px 24px;text-align:center;color:var(--text-3);font-size:.85rem}
.footer a{color:var(--text-2)}
@media (max-width:700px){
  .nav-links{gap:16px} .nav-links a{font-size:.8rem}
  .card{grid-template-columns:1fr} .card-cover img{max-height:200px}
  .prevnext{grid-template-columns:1fr} .prevnext .newer{text-align:left}
  .prose{font-size:1.05rem}
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){*{transition:none!important}}

/* byline */
.byline{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:14px;margin:26px 0 8px}
.byline img{width:44px;height:44px;border-radius:50%;object-fit:cover;border:2px solid var(--gold);flex:none}
.byline .who{font-weight:600;color:var(--text);font-size:.95rem}
.byline .who a{color:var(--text)} .byline .who a:hover{color:var(--gold)}
.byline .when{color:var(--text-3);font-size:.85rem;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:4px 12px}
.byline .updated{color:var(--text-2)}
/* toc */
.toc{background:var(--surface);border:1px solid rgba(var(--gold-rgb),.15);border-radius:var(--radius-sm);padding:16px 20px;margin:30px 0 6px;font-size:.93rem;max-width:var(--measure);box-shadow:var(--card-sh)}
.toc-title{font-size:.72rem;letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--gold);font-weight:600;margin-bottom:8px}
.toc ul{list-style:none;padding-left:0} .toc ul ul{padding-left:16px}
.toc li{margin:4px 0} .toc a{color:var(--text-2)} .toc a:hover{color:var(--text)}
/* related */
.related{margin-top:40px;padding-top:24px;border-top:1px solid rgba(var(--gold-rgb),.18)}
.related h2{font-size:.78rem;letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--gold);font-weight:600;margin-bottom:12px}
.related ul{list-style:none} .related li{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:16px;padding:10px 0;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(var(--ov-rgb),.06)}
.related li a{color:var(--text);font-weight:500} .related li a:hover{color:var(--gold)}
.related li span{color:var(--text-3);font-size:.85rem;white-space:nowrap}
/* listing controls */
.controls{margin-top:30px;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:12px;align-items:center}
.search{flex:1 1 320px;position:relative}
.search input{width:100%;background:var(--surface);border:1px solid rgba(var(--ov-rgb),.12);color:var(--text);border-radius:10px;padding:12px 40px 12px 42px;font:1rem var(--font);outline:none}
.search input:focus{border-color:var(--gold)}
.search svg{position:absolute;left:14px;top:50%;transform:translateY(-50%);width:18px;height:18px;stroke:var(--text-3);fill:none;stroke-width:2}
.search .clear{position:absolute;right:8px;top:50%;transform:translateY(-50%);background:none;border:0;color:var(--text-3);font-size:1.1rem;cursor:pointer;padding:6px}
.sort{background:var(--surface);border:1px solid rgba(var(--ov-rgb),.12);color:var(--text);border-radius:10px;padding:12px 14px;font:.92rem var(--font)}
.chips{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:14px}
.chip{background:transparent;border:1px solid rgba(var(--blue-rgb),.3);color:var(--blue);border-radius:999px;padding:5px 12px;font:500 .8rem var(--font);cursor:pointer;letter-spacing:.03em}
.chip span{color:var(--text-3);margin-left:4px}
.chip:hover{border-color:var(--gold);color:var(--gold)}
.chip.on{background:var(--blue);color:var(--on-gold);border-color:var(--blue)} .chip.on span{color:var(--on-gold)}
.status{margin-top:18px;color:var(--text-3);font-size:.9rem;min-height:1.4em}
.status a{color:var(--text-2)}
.year-title{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:1.3rem;color:var(--gold);margin:36px 0 -14px;padding-bottom:6px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(var(--gold-rgb),.2)}
.year[hidden],.card[hidden]{display:none}
.card mark{background:rgba(var(--gold-rgb),.35);color:var(--text);border-radius:3px;padding:0 2px}
.empty{margin-top:40px;color:var(--text-2);text-align:center;padding:40px;border:1px dashed rgba(var(--ov-rgb),.12);border-radius:var(--radius)}

/* full-width figures */
.prose p:has(> img:only-child){max-width:none}
.prose p > img:only-child{width:100%}
.prose h2,.prose h3{scroll-margin-top:84px}

/* glossary tooltips */
abbr.gl{text-decoration:none;border-bottom:1px dotted rgba(var(--gold-rgb),.7);cursor:help;position:relative}
abbr.gl:hover,abbr.gl:focus{border-bottom-color:var(--gold);outline:none}
abbr.gl:hover::after,abbr.gl.open::after,abbr.gl:focus-visible::after{content:attr(data-tip);position:absolute;left:0;top:calc(100% + 8px);z-index:20;width:min(360px,80vw);background:var(--tip-bg);color:var(--text);border:1px solid rgba(var(--gold-rgb),.4);border-radius:8px;padding:10px 12px;font-size:.85rem;line-height:1.45;font-style:normal;box-shadow:0 12px 32px var(--sh-2);white-space:normal}

/* wide diagrams + full-screen viewer */
.prose p.fig-wide{max-width:none;width:min(1160px,calc(100vw - 32px));margin-left:calc((100% - min(1160px,calc(100vw - 32px)))/2);text-align:center}
.prose p.fig-wide img{width:100%;margin:1.6em 0 .5em;cursor:zoom-in;box-shadow:0 10px 30px var(--sh-2)}
.fig-hint{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;font:500 .82rem var(--font);color:var(--text-3);background:none;border:0;cursor:pointer;padding:4px 8px;border-radius:6px}
.fig-hint:hover{color:var(--gold)}
.fig-hint svg{width:15px;height:15px;stroke:currentColor;fill:none;stroke-width:2}
.lb{position:fixed;inset:0;z-index:100;background:#08081a;display:none;overflow:auto;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch}
.lb.open{display:block}
.lb-inner{min-height:100%;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;padding:56px 16px 24px}
.lb img{flex:none;width:min(96vw,calc((100vh - 96px) * var(--r,1.75)));max-width:none;height:auto;cursor:zoom-in;border-radius:10px}
.lb.zoom img{width:2200px;cursor:zoom-out}
.lb.zoom .lb-inner{justify-content:flex-start;align-items:flex-start}
.lb-close{position:fixed;top:12px;right:14px;z-index:101;background:rgba(255,255,255,.12);color:#fff;border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.25);border-radius:999px;padding:8px 16px;font:600 .9rem var(--font);cursor:pointer}
.lb-close:hover{background:rgba(255,255,255,.22)}
.lb-tip{position:fixed;left:50%;bottom:10px;transform:translateX(-50%);color:#e2e5f3;background:rgba(8,8,26,.85);border-radius:999px;padding:4px 12px;font:.8rem var(--font);pointer-events:none;white-space:nowrap}
body.lb-lock{overflow:hidden}

/* phone nav: keep links and theme switch on screen */
@media (max-width:480px){
  .nav-inner{padding:0 14px;gap:10px}
  .nav-logo{font-size:.95rem;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;min-width:0}
  .nav-links{gap:12px} .nav-links a{font-size:.78rem}
}

/* phone viewer: open large and pannable */
@media (max-width:700px){
  .lb-inner{justify-content:flex-start;align-items:flex-start;padding:64px 16px 40px}
  .lb img{width:1250px}
  .lb.zoom img{width:1900px}
}
.lb-m{display:none}
@media (max-width:700px){.lb-d{display:none}.lb-m{display:inline}}
.cover img.zoomable{cursor:zoom-in}
.cover img.zoomable:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--gold);outline-offset:3px}